Apenas 100 empresas foram responsáveis por 71 por cento das emissões globais de gases do efeito estufa ao longo das últimas três décadas.
E apenas 25 empresas têm sido a fonte de mais de metade das emissões desde 1988, de acordo com o novo estudo.
Três principais emissores de gases causadores do efeito estufa são gigantes de combustíveis fósseis Incluindo estatal Saudi Aramco, a indústria de carvão da China e Gazprom da Rússia.
O “Relatório do carbono” também listou principais companhias de combustíveis fósseis incluindo ExxonMobil, Shell, BP e Chevron como alguns dos maiores emissores do mundo.
Mas a indústria de carvão da China, que é composta por algumas empresas estatais é responsável por 14,3 por cento da emissão de gases de efeito estufa desde de 1988, tornando-se o maior contribuinte em geral para as emissões globais.
Veja a lista das maiores emissoras do mundo:
*Emissões medidas de 1988 até 2015.
1. State-backed Chinese coal companies (14.3% of emissions)
2. State-run Saudi Aramco (4.5% of emissions)
3. Russia’s Gazprom (3.9% of emissions)
4. National Iranian Oil (2.3% of emissions)
5. ExxonMobil Corp (2% of emissions)
6. Coal India (1.9% of emissions)
7. Petroleos Mexicanos (Pemex) (1.9% of emissions)
8. Russia (Coal) (1.9% of emissions)
9. Royal Dutch Shell PLC (1.7% of emissions)
10. China National Petroleum Corp (CNPC) (1.6% of emissions)
11. BP PLC (1.5 per cent of emissions)
12. Chevron Corp (1.3 per cent of emissions)
13. Petroleos de Venezuela SA (PDVSA) (1.2 per cent of emissions)
14. Abu Dhabi National Oil Co (1.2 per cent of emissions)
15. Poland Coal (1.2 per cent of emissions)
16. Peabody Energy Corp (1.2 per cent of emissions)
17. Sonatrach SPA (1.0 per cent of emissions)
18. Kuwait Petroleum Corp (1.0 per cent of emissions)
19. Total SA (0.9 per cent of emissions)
20. BHP Billiton Ltd (0.9 per cent of emissions)
21. ConocoPhillips (0.9 per cent of emissions)
22. Petroleo Brasileiro SA (Petrobras) (0.8 per cent of emissions)
23. Lukoil OAO (0.7 per cent of emissions)
24. Rio Tinto (0.7 per cent of emissions)
25. Nigerian National Petroleum Corp (0.7 per cent of emissions)
26. Petroliam Nasional Berhad (Petronas) (0.7 per cent of emissions)
27. Rosneft OAO (0.7 per cent of emissions)
28. Arch Coal Inc (0.6 per cent of emissions)
29. Iraq National Oil Co (0.6 per cent of emissions)
30. Eni SPA (0.6 per cent of emissions)
31. Anglo American (0.6 per cent of emissions)
32. Surgutneftegas OAO (0.6 per cent of emissions)
33. Alpha Natural Resources Inc (0.5 per cent of emissions)
34. Qatar Petroleum Corp (0.5 per cent of emissions)
35. PT Pertamina (0.5 per cent of emissions)
36. Kazakhstan Coal (0.5 per cent of emissions)
37. Statoil ASA (0.5 per cent of emissions)
38. National Oil Corporation of Libya (0.5 per cent of emissions)
39. Consol Energy Inc (0.5 per cent of emissions)
40. Ukraine Coal (0.5 per cent of emissions)
41. RWE AG (0.5 per cent of emissions)
42. Oil & Natural Gas Corp Ltd (0.4 per cent of emissions)
43. Glencore PLC (0.4 per cent of emissions)
44. TurkmenGaz (0.4 per cent of emissions)
45. Sasol Ltd (0.4 per cent of emissions)
46. Repsol SA (0.3 per cent of emissions)
47. Anadarko Petroleum Corp (0.3 per cent of emissions)
48. Egyptian General Petroleum Corp (0.3 per cent of emissions)
49. Petroleum Development Oman LLC (0.3 per cent of emissions)
50. Czech Republic Coal (0.3 per cent of emissions)
51. China Petrochemical Corp (Sinopec) (0.3 per cent of emissions)
52. China National Offshore Oil Corp Ltd (CNOOC) (0.3 per cent of emissions)
53. Ecopetrol SA (0.3 per cent of emissions)
54. Singareni Collieries Company (0.3 per cent of emissions)
55. Occidental Petroleum Corp (0.3 per cent of emissions)
56. Sonangol EP (0.3 per cent of emissions)
57. Tatneft OAO (0.2 per cent of emissions)
58. North Korea Coal (0.2 per cent of emissions)
59. Bumi Resources (0.2 per cent of emissions)
60. Suncor Energy Inc (0.2 per cent of emissions)
61. Petoro AS (0.2 per cent of emissions)
62. Devon Energy Corp (0.2 per cent of emissions)
63. Natural Resource Partners LP (0.2 per cent of emissions)
64. Marathon Oil Corp (0.2 per cent of emissions)
65. Vistra Energy (0.2 per cent of emissions)
66. Encana Corp (0.2 per cent of emissions)
67. Canadian Natural Resources Ltd (0.2 per cent of emissions)
68. Hess Corp (0.2 per cent of emissions)
69. Exxaro Resources Ltd (0.2 per cent of emissions)
70. YPF SA (0.2 per cent of emissions)
71. Apache Corp (0.2 per cent of emissions)
72. Murray Coal (0.2 per cent of emissions)
73. Alliance Resource Partners LP (0.1 per cent of emissions)
74. Syrian Petroleum Co (0.1 per cent of emissions)
75. Novatek OAO (0.1 per cent of emissions)
76. NACCO Industries Inc (0.1 per cent of emissions)
77. KazMunayGas (0.1 per cent of emissions)
78. Adaro Energy PT (0.1 per cent of emissions)
79. Petroleos del Ecuador (0.1 per cent of emissions)
80. Inpex Corp (0.1 per cent of emissions)
81. Kiewit Mining Group (0.1 per cent of emissions)
82. AP Moller (Maersk) (0.1 per cent of emissions)
83. Banpu Public Co Ltd (0.1 per cent of emissions)
84. EOG Resources Inc (0.1 per cent of emissions)
85. Husky Energy Inc (0.1 per cent of emissions)
86. Kideco Jaya Agung PT (0.1 per cent of emissions)
87. Bahrain Petroleum Co (BAPCO) (0.1 per cent of emissions)
88. Westmoreland Coal Co (0.1 per cent of emissions)
89. Cloud Peak Energy Inc (0.1 per cent of emissions)
90. Chesapeake Energy Corp (0.1 per cent of emissions)
91. Drummond Co (0.1 per cent of emissions)
92. Teck Resources Ltd (0.1 per cent of emissions)
93. Turkmennebit (0.1 per cent of emissions)
94. OMV AG (0.1 per cent of emissions)
95. Noble Energy Inc (0.1 per cent of emissions)
96. Murphy Oil Corp (0.1 per cent of emissions)
97. Berau Coal Energy Tbk PT (0.1 per cent of emissions)
98. Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk PT (0.0% per cent of emissions)
99. Indika Energy Tbk PT (0.0 per cent of emissions)
100. Southwestern Energy Co (0.0 per cent of emissions)
Fonte: The Carbon Majors Report